Pune: From Maratha Capital to a Modern Metro – A Journey Through Time

As you plan your move, it’s fascinating to delve into the rich and diverse history of Pune, a city that transitioned from the heart of the Maratha Empire to a thriving modern metropolis.

Pune, situated at the confluence of the Mula and Mutha rivers, is the second-largest city in Maharashtra. It is widely recognized as the cultural capital of Maharashtra and the “Oxford of the East” due to its numerous educational and research institutions.

A Glimpse into Pune’s Past:

• Ancient Origins: The region around Pune has ancient roots, with archaeological findings suggesting settlements from the 8th century AD. It was historically part of various dynasties, including the Rashtrakutas, Yadavas, and Bahmani Sultanate.
• Maratha Empire and the Peshwas: Pune’s most glorious period began in the 17th century with the rise of the Maratha Empire under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. He spent his early life in Pune, and it played a crucial role in his kingdom. In the 18th century, Pune became the administrative capital of the Maratha Empire under the Peshwas (prime ministers of the Maratha Empire). During this period, Pune flourished as a center of power, art, learning, and culture. Many iconic structures like Shaniwar Wada (the Peshwa’s grand fortified palace) and numerous temples were built.
• British Rule: In 1818, the British East India Company defeated the Peshwas, and Pune came under British control. It became an important military cantonment and, due to its pleasant climate, a significant summer capital for the Bombay Presidency. The British established several educational and military institutions, further cementing its status as an academic hub.
• Center of Social Reform: In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Pune emerged as a prominent center for social and political reform movements in Maharashtra. Visionaries like Mahatma Jyotirao Phule, Savitribai Phule, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak made significant contributions from Pune.
• Post-Independence Growth: After India’s independence, Pune continued its growth, particularly in the post-liberalization era. It transformed into a major IT and automotive manufacturing hub, attracting investments and talent from across the country and globally. The establishment of large industrial estates and IT parks, like Hinjewadi, fueled this economic boom.
• “Oxford of the East”: Pune’s long-standing tradition of education and research, with institutions like the University of Pune (now Savitribai Phule Pune University) and numerous other colleges, earned it the epithet “Oxford of the East.”

Today, Pune is a cosmopolitan city that skillfully balances its deep historical roots and cultural identity with a dynamic, modern outlook. Its pleasant weather, thriving job market, and high quality of life make it a highly desirable place to live and work. Moving to Pune means becoming part of a city that values tradition while embracing innovation and growth.